Policies have one purpose: to create consistent performance. In it's worst forms, they lead to more mindless compliance than mindful engagement.
Consistent performance is a function of habits, not parental dictates, retraining, sticks or carrots. Without habits, all the lip service about accountability in policy obedience is just that. Only to the degree people know how to build new habits are they capable of performance consistencies.
The good news is that we now know the science of habit building.